If you are a victim (injured party), you have the right to participate in criminal proceedings. You can exercise these rights yourself or through a representative.
Your rights
As an injured party in the proceedings, you or your representative have the right to:
- participate in the court hearings
- participate in the examination of the evidence
- file complaints and submissions
- express your opinion at all stages of criminal proceedings
- receive the judgement and the protocols from the hearings
- appeal the judgement
Representative
Your representative in criminal proceedings can be any person who you authorise to represent you and to make sure your rights in the proceedings are observed. This person may be a lawyer but does not have to be one.
important If you are a minor and you are a victim of a criminal offences against sexual integrity, the criminal offence of neglect of a minor and the cruel treatment or the criminal offence of trafficking in human beings, you will need a legal representative to participate in criminal proceedings. If you don’t have a representative or your representative cannot help you to fully participate in the proceedings, the court may grant you a lawyer to represent you during the proceedings.
If you are a minor, your representative may be:
- your parents, grandparents or legal guardian
- adult brother/sister if you are permanently living with them and they are taking care of you
- child advocate
- a non-governmental organization specializing in the protection of children’s rights
If a court has established legal guardianship for you due to a mental disability or for other reasons, these persons or the legal guardian can also represent you in the criminal proceedings.